Goodwin's theory on music analysis

Goodwin has identified a number of key features that are in music videos.
the features include:
- A relationship between the lyrics and the visuals, with the visuals illustrating, amplifying or contradicting the lyrics.
- A relationship between the music and the visuals, with the visuals illustrating, amplifying or contradicting the music.
- Genre-related style and iconography present.
- Multiple close-ups of the main artist or vocalist.
- Voyeurism often plays a major part, especially in relation to females.
- Intertextual references to other media texts may be present.

Goodwin says that music videos are often constructed by the link between the visuals and the music plus the artist. Relationships are built between these in the video, and the close-ups of the artists give them the representation and publicity they require. Voyeurism is used to increase the video’s attractiveness, particularly to male audience, whilst intertextuality is often used in humorous videos.

Most of these features are present in all music videos, depending on the genre of the song and the aim of the record company or artist.